Both NMN and NR are currently popular anti-aging supplements. They can increase the content of NAD+ in the body, and NAD+ is a key coenzyme that can help cells metabolize and repair. While both supplements can boost NAD+ levels, there are some differences between them. Next, let's look at the similarities and differences.
1. What is NMN and NR?
● What is NR?
Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is a derivative of vitamin B3 which is a precursor substance that can be used by the human body as the coenzyme NAD+. NAD+ is a key factor in many cellular metabolic responses, and its deficiency can lead to aging, disease, and injury in the body. Therefore, the role of NR is to increase NAD+ levels, protect cells from oxidative stress damage, and delay aging. NR was originally isolated from milk, brewer's yeast, and rice, and subsequently, it was also prepared by chemical synthesis.
●What are NMN?
NMN is short for β-nicotinamide mononucleotide, which is also known as nicotinamide mononucleotide. It is a precursor substance that can be used by the human body as NAD+ and also belongs to the category of vitamin B derivatives. This substance can be quickly absorbed by cells and converted into NAD+. It is a naturally occurring, biologically active nucleotide that exists in various organisms and is a key intermediate in the synthesis of coenzyme I-NAD+. It is widely involved in many biochemical reactions in the human body and is closely related to immunity and metabolism.
2.Are Nicotinamide mononucleotide And Nicotinamide riboside chloride Safety?
● Nicotinamide mononucleotide
NMN is scientifically verified. At present, a variety of supplemented NMN products have entered the market as dietary supplements or health foods in the United States, Japan, and other countries and have been sold to many countries and regions. There have been no reports of adverse reactions after consumption.
Up to now, the three major international authoritative journals of "Nature", "Science", and "Cell" have published more than 100 reports on NMN and its metabolite NAD+, showing that NMN can delay aging, repair DNA damage, regulate metabolism, and protect the heart. There are no reports of adverse reactions or safety issues. On April 23, 2021, "Science" published the results of the world's first NMN human clinical trial, further confirming the safety and effectiveness of NMN on the human body and becoming a milestone in the new era of human anti-aging.
●Nicotinamide riboside chloride
A small number of preclinical studies have directly compared NR with niacin and niacinamide, demonstrating that they are different in terms of pharmacokinetics and cellular health, and also demonstrate the potential of NR in human health. NR has been the subject of rigorous preclinical and toxicological studies. Three studies have proven that NR will not change DNA through mutation or chromosome breakage, indicating that NR will not cause cancer through DNA damage. These safety studies laid the foundation for several NR clinical trials. In one trial, NR was taken orally at 2 grams per day for 12 consecutive weeks, and there were no adverse reactions.
3. Are NMN And NR Production Process Safety?
●NMN-Enzyme Catalysis Technology
At present, the NMN raw material production process of most regular NMN products is not the chemical synthesis method that everyone is worried about. TPV's NMN uses a more advanced biological enzyme catalysis method. The NMN raw material produced by this process is of high purity, and the production method is relatively mild and will not cause side effects to the human body.
●NR-Enzyme synthesized Technology
Nicotinamide riboside is generally synthesized by an enzymatic process and usually undergoes ultrafiltration, refining, desalting, and crystallization. It is recommended to use medium and low-pressure chromatography in the purification process instead of traditional macroporous resin purification. This not only improves the separation effect but also greatly reduces the consumption of mobile phase.
In the purification process, continuous chromatographic desalination is suitable for the desalination of large-scale products and has the advantages of high efficiency, low pollution, and low energy consumption. NAD and its analogues are purified by Lanxiao Technology using reversed-phase polymer material for purification. After purification, the purity of nicotinamide riboside can reach 99%. If higher purity is required, it can reach 99.5% by desalting-crystallization step.
4.How NMN and NR Become NAD+ in Cells?
Both NR and NMN are beneficial because they boost NAD+ levels, which decline with age. NAD+ is critical to cellular metabolism, converting nutrients into cellular energy, and activating sirtuin, a protein that regulates cellular health. NAD+ intake in all of us increases the amount of NAD+ precursors through diet. While NR and NMN can be found in a variety of foods, nothing can be eaten to increase NAD+ levels. As a result, supplementing with NAD+ precursors can help mitigate this decline.Animal studies have shown that supplementation with NR and NMN boosts NAD+, leading to many other benefits.
5. Bioavailability of NMN and NR
Bioavailability refers to the proportion of a substance entering the blood circulation when it has a positive effect on the human body. Indices of bioavailability include the level of NMN or NR in the blood following administration of NMN or NR. The level of NAD+ in the blood can also be used as an indicator of bioavailability after administration of NMN or NR.
Most studies on the bioavailability of NAD+ precursors have been performed on NR. In fact, only studies on NR and bioavailability included human subjects. Scientists conducted studies on the bioavailability of NMN in rodents.
● Study on Bioavailability of NMN
A study using mice found that oral administration of 300 mg kg of plasma NMN resulted in a substantial increase in plasma NMN levels. About 10 minutes after taking NMN, plasma NMN reaches its peak. After NMN administration, NAD+ levels rose significantly within 30 minutes.
● Study on the bioavailability of NR
A study on the bioavailability of NR found that a single oral dose of NR increased NAD+ in human blood by a factor of 2.7 in one evaluated individual. The same study showed a dose-dependent increase in blood NAD+ levels with a single dose of NR, 100, 300, and 1000 mg.
A recent study of the long-term effects of NR showed a dose-dependent increase in NAD+ levels at 100, 300, and 1000 mg NR doses. NAD+ levels increased by approximately 22%, 51%, and 142% for each dose within two weeks of supplementation.
Once a person decides to consume NMN or NR as a safe and effective way to boost NAD+ levels, he or she must know how to store it.
6. What Are The Stability and Storage of NMN and NR?
Stability analysis showed that NR was stable for up to six hours at room temperature (without degradation) and for seven days at 2 to 8 degrees Celsius. Regarding the stability of NMN and NR, Dr. David Sinclair of the Harvard AO said: "Make sure you keep NR and NMN in cold storage.
Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinamide riboside (NR) are molecules essential for metabolism - the biosynthetic precursors of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). TPV has been focusing on NR and nmn production for many years, we use advanced enzyme technology, if you need it, please contact us.
