Bulk Ergothioneine Powder

What Is Bulk Ergothioneine Powder?

Bulk ergothioneine powder is white crystal powder. The relative molecular mass is 229.3, it is soluble in water, and the solubility in 25℃ water is 0.9mol/L. It is soluble in methanol and ethanol. In the dissolved state, there are two structural isomers of thiols and thione. Under physiological conditions, EGT exists mainly in the thione form.

Bulk ergothioneine has good stability under both physiological and moderately alkaline (pH 8-9) conditions. It also has high thermal stability. Its decomposition temperature can reach 262 to 265°C. The standard redox potential of EGT is about -0.06 V. The standard redox potential of other natural thiol antioxidant substances (e.g., glutathione, cysteine) is generally -0.32 to -0.2 V. Ergothioneine bulk powder has a high standard redox potential. Compared with other thiols, it can provide a more stable and protective effect on cells.

 

COA:

Item	Specification	Analytical Method
Appearance	Off-white to white fine powder	Visual
Identification	Positive	IR&1H NMR
Assay(On dried basis)	≥ 98.0%	HPLC
Loss on Drying	≤1.0%	USP
Residue on ignition	≤5.0%	USP
Heavy metals	≤ 10 ppm	ICP-MS
Arsenic	≤ 2 ppm	ICP-MS
Lead	≤1ppm	ICP-MS
Mercury	≤ 2 ppm	ICP-MS
Total bacteria count	≤10000 CFU/g	AOAC
Mold and Yeast	≤300 CFU/g	AOAC
Escherichia coli 10g	Absent/10g	AOAC
Staphylococcus aureus 10g	Absent/10g	AOAC
Salmonella 25g	Absent/25g	AOAC
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa 25g	Absent/25g	AOAC

 

Production Method:

The preparation methods of bulk ergothioneine powder mainly include 3 kinds of natural product extraction methods, chemical synthesis methods, and biosynthesis methods.

 

• Natural product extraction method

Natural products such as edible fungi, ergot, cereals, and animal tissues contain EGT, among which edible fungi have higher EGT content and are an important source of EGT. For example, the content of EGT in porcini mushrooms is 1812 μg/g, in almond mushrooms is 542 μg/g, in shiitake mushrooms is 353 μg/g, and in black fungus is 94 μg/g.

 

Natural product extraction methods generally include reflux extraction, enzymatic extraction, ultrasonic-microwave combined method and so on. The EGT content of natural products is generally very low, which consumes a large amount of raw materials and has a high cost. It also suffers from the problems of raw material impurities and high residues. These factors limit the industrial application of natural product extraction methods.

 

• Chemical synthesis method

The traditional chemical synthesis method of EGT uses histidine as the starting raw material. EGT is synthesized in aqueous solution by multi-step reactions such as mercapto-alkylation, mercapto-protection, methylation, deprotection, etc. In recent years, the reaction of histidine betaine, cysteine, mercaptopropionic acid, etc., has also been used to produce EGT. this avoids the introduction of mercapto-protecting groups, which shortens the synthetic route and improves the yields.

The chemical synthesis method also has some challenges. The synthesis is difficult and the expected yield cannot be achieved due to partial or total racemization. Safety is difficult to ensure, synthetic raw materials are expensive and the cost of synthesis is high.

 

• Biosynthesis

The biosynthesis method to obtain EGT has the advantages of easy-to-obtain raw materials and relatively low cost and has become the main preparation method of EGT in recent years. At present, EGT biosynthesis is mainly carried out by bacterial and fungal pathways. For example, by catalyzing the conversion of histidine into histidine betaine, and then combined with cysteine to form histidine betaine cysteine sulfoxide, and then catalyzed to form EGT. it has good biotechnological safety. One of the mainstream directions for low-cost scale production. However, the fermentation efficiency is low, the purification is difficult and the cost is high. Guanjie Biotech uses this method to extract bulk ergothioneine powder.

 

Functions:

Ergothioneine is an important physiological active substance in organisms. It has the functions of scavenging free radicals, detoxification, maintaining DNA biosynthesis, normal cell growth, cellular immunity, anti-radiation, whitening and anti-aging. It is recognized as a unique and multi-functional physiological cell protector. Bulk ergothioneine powder especially plays an important role in anti-aging, anti-glycation, and anti-oxidation.

 

Ergothioneine's functioning in living organisms relies on a specific transporter protein, OCTN1. Organic cation transporter protein N1, a product of the SLC22A4 gene.OCTN1 is found in keratinocytes and melanocytes. This has a high affinity for ergothioneine. Therefore skin tissues and cells can very easily receive, absorb, and make full use of ergothioneine.

 

Through OCTN1, which is present in the cell and mitochondrial membranes, ergothioneine is transported to the mitochondria, the main 'foci' of free radical production in the cell. Pure Ergothioneine is transported to the mitochondria, the main 'foci' of free radical production in the cell. It protects the mitochondria from oxidative damage and scavenges reactive oxygen radicals directly. As a result, it can be efficiently accumulated and its redox reaction occurs between the oxidized and reduced forms of the sulfur bond. These properties ensure that ergothioneine effectively protects cells from oxidative stress damage to achieve the ultimate goal of delaying human cellular aging.

• Physiological Protectors

EGT ergothioneine powder is involved in the protection of mitochondrial DNA from superoxide generated during the electron transport cycle.EGT preferentially protects water-soluble proteins from oxidative damage and also protects cells from damage induced by reactive oxygen species and UV radiation. The presence of the ergothioneine transporter (ETT) is responsible for high tissue EGT levels. The high density of ETT in mitochondria plays a unique role in protecting this organelle from reactive oxygen species that accumulate even under normal oxidative metabolism.

 

• Oxidation

Ergothioneine is a natural antioxidant. Its special physicochemical properties and specific distribution make its stability significantly better than that of common antioxidants. Its antioxidant properties are comparable to those of glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid, and other conventionally recognized antioxidants.

The potent antioxidant properties of bulk ergothioneine powder can be exerted through its powerful free radical scavenging ability through a variety of mechanisms. In vitro antioxidant properties are also demonstrated by free electron binding to hydroxyl radicals (-OH), hypochlorite, singlet oxygen, and peroxynitrite. Its high redox potential is scavenging by quenching single-linear state oxygen and scavenging. Pure ergothioneine also activates antioxidant enzymes that scavenge reactive oxygen radicals (ROS). Such as Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), which exert antioxidant effects.

 

• Anti-inflammatory effect

The inflammatory response in the organism is a common defensive natural reaction generated in response to a stimulus and a manifestation of the organism's fight against damaging factors. Ergothioneine was found to have a significant inhibitory effect on the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and the release of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in human alveolar epithelial cells. This gene was studied to understand the role of ergothioneine in this. This is useful to explore the efficacy of ergothioneine in treating inflammatory diseases.

 

• Protection against ultraviolet and gamma rays

Excessive ultraviolet (UV) radiation can lead to excessive production of ROS in the skin. the rate of epidermal cell division and proliferation is accelerated, as well as degradation of the extracellular matrix and reduction in collagen fiber synthesis. This causes the skin to become rough and loose, develop hyperpigmentation, and lead to oxidative and inflammatory skin damage. Ergothioneine significantly inhibited the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) secreted by activated leukocytes.MPO plays an important role in host defense at sites of inflammation. It is closely associated with the onset and progression of many human diseases.

 

Ergothioneine bulk powder at physiological concentrations not only acts as an anti-ultraviolet damage agent but also as an anti-inflammatory agent in chronic inflammatory diseases. Therefore, bulk ergothioneine powder can act as one of the effective protective agents of the body against UVB irradiation-induced inflammatory damage.

Thus, ergothioneine is able to scavenge or reduce reactive oxygen radicals caused by UVB radiation, protecting cells from damage or even death. It prevents or reduces skin tissue damage and provides excellent protection against UV and gamma rays.

 

• Whitening effect

Bulk L-ergothioneine powder also has a certain inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity. It is a non-competitive tyrosinase inhibitor. This inhibition correlates weakly with its antioxidant activity. Probably this is related to the presence of the imidazole ring in its structure. This also implies that EGT has some potential for use in whitening cosmetics.

 

Company Advantages:

Guanjie Biotech's factory is fully qualified. We have many kinds of SC extract production licenses, carry out the record production of traditional Chinese medicine extracts, and are the record manufacturer of export food production. We have various quality, HALAL, and KOSHER certificates. The facilities and equipment are standardized, and the production quality management system is complete.

We have a competent testing capacity complete, technology, production, and quality team. We can provide customized products with various active ingredients for customers' bulk ergothioneine powder specific business and usage needs. At the same time to meet the high-end customer factory inspection, extended audit, and filing needs.

 

Package & Shipment

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